The writer explains how the Bahá'í Writings reconcile the age-old conflict between science and religion, advocating for a harmonious relationship that fosters societal progress.
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Throughout history, humanity has depended on two fundamental systems of knowledge: science and religion. There has been, however, conflict between their advocates. Many believed, and continue to believe, that scientific knowledge contradicts religious teachings. As a result, individuals often felt compelled to choose between being religious and following God’s guidance, or embracing science and relying on reason.
According to the Bahá'í Writings, there is no conflict between science and religion. On the contrary, they complement each other. Religion and science are like two wings of a bird and the advantages of both need to be used together, if we are to build a progressive and peaceful society.
Science and religion, in the Bahá’í view, are mutually dependent, and when used together “provide the fundamental organizing principles by which individuals, communities, and institutions function and evolve”. Religion, without science, degenerates into superstition and fanaticism, while science without religion becomes merely the instrument of crude materialism.
Both religion and science rely on the spiritual core of human nature. The success of science is a demonstration of the power of the mind over the material – but the mind is an essential quality of the human spirit.
We use scientific methodology for understanding the physical side of the universe and as a key to new technologies. Through this knowledge system, we study the material universe and how to generate the physical means for the advancement of humanity.
Religion is the fruit of the creative Word of God, which transforms human thought and action. Religion offers us a basis for values and provides us with answers to moral questions, human purpose, and our relationship to God, which science does not provide. It is the knowledge system that studies the powers of the human spirit and is concerned with the demands and the desires of our higher nature.
We know that science and religion have been greatly abused at times; but true science which discovers the laws of the universe and helps our material and mental advancement, cannot be opposed to religion in its purest form, free from human misinterpretation and misrepresentation.
The Bahá’í Writings state: “Put all your beliefs into harmony with science; there can be no opposition, for truth is one. When religion, shorn of its superstitions, traditions, and unintelligent dogmas, shows its conformity with science, then will there be a great unifying, cleansing force in the world which will sweep before it all wars, disagreements, discords and struggles – and then will mankind be united in the power of the Love of God”.
Science, of course, does not have the answer to every question. Science provides us with tools and means, and religion teaches us how to use them to the best advantage of all humanity. For example, atomic energy is useful, but without God’s guidance it can become one of the most destructive forces produced by science.
Therefore, for the advancement of civilization, both religion and science – the twin pillars for our progress – need to be used together.
The Bahá'í International Community states that “intensive dialogue between the two systems of knowledge available to humankind – science and religion – will facilitate the emergence of peace and justice throughout the world”.
* For feedback please contact: secretary.nsa@bahai.org.za or (011) 801 3100 .
* Websites: www.bahai.org, www.bahai.org.za